How to Use the Microsoft Windows Recovery Console
The Recovery Console is a command-line tool that you can use to repair Windows if the computer does not start properly. You can start the Recovery Console from the Windows Server 2003 CD or at startup if the Recovery Console was previously installed to your computer.Use the Recovery Console if you used the Last Known Good Configuration startup option and it was not successful and you cannot start the computer in Safe mode. Microsoft recommends that you use the Recovery Console method only if you are an advanced user who can use basic commands to identify and locate problem drivers and files. To use Recovery Console, follow these steps:
When you are prompted during text-mode setup, press R to start the Recovery Console.
You can use the Recovery Console to:
Access the drives on your computer.
Enable or disable device drivers or services.
Copy files from the Windows Server 2003 installation CD or copy files from other removable media. For example, you can copy a file that you need that was deleted.
Create a new boot sector and a new master boot record (MBR). You might have to do this if there are problems starting from the existing boot sector.
To Confirm That Your Hard Disk or File System Is Not Damaged
To confirm that your hard disk or file system is not damaged, start your computer from the Windows Server 2003 CD, start the Recovery Console, and then use the Chkdsk command-line utility. This may solve your problem.IMPORTANT Microsoft recommends that only advanced users or administrators use the Recovery Console. You have to know the password for the Administrator account to use the Recovery Console.For additional information about how to test and repair a damaged hard disk by using Chkdsk, see the "Using the Recovery Console and Using the Recovery Console Command Prompt" sections in the following article:
307654 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/307654/ ) How to install and use the Recovery Console in Windows XP Note If Chkdsk reports that it cannot access your hard disk, you may have a hardware failure. Examine all cable connections and any jumper settings on your drive. Contact a computer repair professional, or the manufacturer of your computer for more assistance. If Chkdsk reports that it cannot fix all hard disk problems, your file system or MBR may be damaged or no longer accessible. Try using the appropriate Recovery Console commands, such as Fixmbr and Fixboot, contact a data recovery service, or repartition and then reformat your hard disk.WARNING: If you repartition and reformat your hard disk, you lose all information on the disk. IMPORTANT For more assistance, contact your computer manufacturer or a Microsoft Product Support Services professional. Only qualified personnel should try to repair your computer. If the computer repair is performed by non-qualified personnel, this may nullify your computer's warranty. For additional information about how to Use Recovery Console, click the following article numbers to view the articles in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
326215 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/326215/ ) How to use the Recovery Console on a Windows Server 2003-based computer that does not startHow to Use Automated System Recovery
To recover from a system failure by using Automated System Recovery (ASR), follow these steps:
Make sure you have the following on hand before you start the recovery procedure:
Your previously created ASR floppy disk.
Your previously created backup media.
The original operating system installation CD.
If you have a mass storage controller and you are aware that the manufacturer has supplied a separate driver file for it (different from the driver files that are available on the Setup CD), obtain the file (on a floppy disk) before you start this procedure.
Insert the original operating system installation CD into your CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.
Restart your computer. If you are prompted to press a key to start the computer from CD, press the appropriate key.
If you have a separate driver file as described in step 1, press the F6 key to use the driver as part of Setup when you are prompted.
Press the F2 key when you are prompted at the start of the text-only mode section of Setup.You are prompted to insert the ASR floppy disk that you previously created.
Follow the on-screen instructions.
If you have a separate driver file as described in step 1, press F6 (a second time) when you are prompted after the system restarts.
Follow the on-screen instructions.
Notes
ASR does not restore your data files. See Windows Help for more information about backing up and restoring your data files.
If you are restoring a server cluster in which all nodes failed and the quorum disk cannot be restored from backup, use ASR on each node in the original cluster to restore the disk signatures and the partition layout of the cluster disks (quorum and nonquorum). For more information about backing up and restoring server clusters, see Windows Help.
To Create an ASR Disk Set by Using Backup
To use ASR, you must have an ASR disk set. To create an ASR disk set, follow these steps:
Click Start, point to All Programs, point to Accessories, point to System Tools, and then click Backup. By default, the Backup or Restore Wizard starts, unless it is disabled. You can use the Backup or Restore Wizard to create an ASR disk set by answering All information on this computer in the What do you want to backup? section. Otherwise, you can go to the next step to create an ASR disk set in Advanced Mode.
Click the Advanced Mode link in the Backup or Restore Wizard.
On the Tools menu, click ASR Wizard.
Follow the instructions that appear on your screen.
Notes
You need a blank 1.44 megabyte (MB) floppy disk to save your system settings and media to contain the backup files. If your computer does not have a floppy disk drive, perform an ASR backup on the computer without the floppy disk drive. Copy the Asr.sif and Asrpnp.sif files that are located in the %SystemRoot%\Repair folder to another computer with a floppy disk drive, and then copy those files to a floppy disk.
To perform this procedure, you must be a member of the Administrators or Backup Operators group on the local computer, or you must have been delegated the appropriate authority. If the computer is joined to a domain, members of the Domain Admins group might be able to perform this procedure. As a security "best practice," consider using the Run as command to perform this procedure.
This procedure backs up only those system files that you must have to start your system. You must back up your data files separately.
After you create the ASR set, label this floppy disk and the backup media carefully and keep them together. To use the backup media, you must have the floppy disk that you created with that set of media. You cannot use a floppy disk that you created at a different time or with a different set of media. You must also have your Setup CD available at the time you perform ASR. Keep the ASR set in a secure location. The ASR set contains information about your systems configuration that might be used to cause damage to your system.
If you are backing up a server cluster, run the Automated System Recovery Wizard on all nodes of the cluster, and make sure that the Cluster service is running when you start each ASR backup. Make sure that one of the nodes on which you run the Automated System Recovery Preparation Wizard is listed as the owner of the quorum resource while the wizard is running.
How to Repair Your Installation of Windows
You may be able to repair a damaged Windows Server 2003 installation by running Windows Setup from the Windows CD.To repair your installation of Windows, follow these steps:
Insert the Windows Server 2003 CD in the CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.
If the Windows CD displays the What would you like to do? menu, click Exit.
Turn off your computer, wait ten seconds, and then turn your computer back on.
If you are prompted to start your computer from the CD, do so.Note You must be able to start your computer from the Windows Server 2003 CD-ROM to run Windows Setup. Your CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive must be configured to do so. For information about how to configure your computer to start from the CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive, see the documentation that is included with your computer, or contact your computer manufacturer.
After Setup starts, press ENTER to continue the setup process.
Press ENTER to select the option To set up Windows now, press ENTER. Do not select the Recovery Console option.
Press F8 to accept the licensing agreement. Setup searches for previous installations of Windows. If Setup does not find a previous installation of Windows Server 2003, you might have a hardware failure.Hardware failures are beyond the scope of this article. See a computer hardware specialist for more help or try the Hardware troubleshooter. For more information about the Hardware Troubleshooter, see the Windows Server 2003 Help topic "Using Troubleshooters."
If Setup does find a previous installation of Windows Server 2003, you may receive the following message:
If one of the following Windows Server 2003 installations is damaged, setup can try to repair it. Use the up and down arrows to select an installation. To repair the selected installation, press R. To continue without repairing, press ESC. Select the appropriate Windows Server 2003 operating system installation, and then press R to try to repair it.
Follow the on-screen instructions to repair the installation. Notes
You might have to change the boot drive sequence in your BIOS settings to successfully start your computer from the Windows Server 2003 CD. Contact the manufacturer of your computer, or see your manufacturer's documentation, for more information.
If you cannot start your computer from the Windows Server 2003 CD, you might have a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive failure or other hardware failure.Hardware failures are beyond the scope of this article. See a computer hardware specialist for more help or try the Hardware troubleshooter. For more information about the Hardware Troubleshooter, see the Windows Server 2003 Help topic "Using Troubleshooters."
After you repair your Windows Server 2003, you may be required to reactivate your copy of Windows Server 2003.
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